Artificial lung ventilation is a set of measures to ensure gas exchange in the patient's lungs in order to maintain or normalize the body's metabolic processes. Methods of carrying out IVL are divided into non-apparatus and hardware. The most affordable and easy to use device is the Ambu bag, which consists of a self-inflating balloon and a face mask.

When the balloon (bag) is compressed, its contents enter the patient's lungs, then the bag expands on its own due to the suction of air through a special valve. Both ambient air and a connected oxygen source can be used as breathing gas.